How the plants sense there surroundings?

 Plants can sense the environment through various mechanisms, including:

Photoreceptors: Plants have specialized cells that can detect different wavelengths of light, allowing them to sense changes in light intensity, direction, and quality. These cells are located in the leaves, stem, and roots of the plant and are responsible for various responses, such as phototropism (growth towards light) and photoperiodism (flowering in response to changes in day length).

Mechanoreceptors: Plants have cells that can detect mechanical stimuli, such as touch, vibration, and wind. These cells are located in the leaves, stem, and roots of the plant and are responsible for various responses, such as thigmotropism (growth in response to touch) and thigmonasty (movement in response to touch).

Chemoreceptors: Plants can detect chemicals in their environment, such as nutrients, toxins, and other organic compounds. These chemicals can be detected through specialized cells in the roots, leaves, and flowers of the plant and can trigger various responses, such as growth, defense, and reproduction.

Gravity sensors: Plants have specialized cells called statocytes that can detect changes in gravity. This allows plants to grow in the correct orientation and respond to changes in their environment, such as when a plant is knocked over or growing on a slope.

Overall, these sensory mechanisms allow plants to detect and respond to changes in their environment, enabling them to grow and survive in different conditions.